Seven Deadly Sins (PEWSAG-L)
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Pride
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Sunday
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Perverted
Love
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Envy
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Monday
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Wrath
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Tuesday
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Sloth
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Wednesday
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Defective
Love
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Avarice
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Thursday
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Excessive
Love
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Gluttony
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Friday
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Lust
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Saturday
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Seven Cardinal Virtues (Porcupines Just Find Tall Flowers
Hilariously Lovely)
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Prudence
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-thinking
before acting
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Justice
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-fairness,
sense of right and wrong
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Fortitude
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-courage
to do what's right, to follow through
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Temperance
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-moderation
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Faith
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-belief
in God
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Hope
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-optimism
:D
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Love
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-
<3, can lead to sin
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Pg
241-245 Humanities Book
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Gothic cathedral
and Thomas Aquinas' Summa Theologica
represent two masterpieces of Middle Ages; Divine Comedy of Dante Aligheri represents masterpiece in literature
during Middle Ages
o
Dante was exiled
from Florence for political reasons on 1300 and wrote The
Comedy of Dante Alighieri, A Florentine by Birth but Not in Behavior
§
Comedy
begins on Good Friday
§
Dante in Comedy is
led by Vergil (Roman who wrote Aeneid)
through Hell and Purgatory, by Beatrice through Heaven
§
Rhyme scheme
called terza ro,a (aba, bcb, cdc, etc.)
§
Contrapasso
punishments
§
Satan is huge,
stupid beast frozen in a lake of ice in pit of hell and is so because he is away
from God/intelligence, so he is ignorant
§
Light=God
§
Aristotelian in
philosophy
Inferno-
Canto One- The Dark Wood of Error
People
Dante Meets
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-
Vergil-
Roman author who is in limbo and who will lead him through Purgatory and
Hell (Beatrice leads him through Heaven)
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Leopard of
Malice and Fraud
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Lion of
Violence and Ambition
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She-World of
Incontinence
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Symbols
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-
She-Wolf of
Incontinence- very distinctly the she
wolf because she-wolves are ravenous (they have to suckle pups) and have
no self-control, females usually symbolize temptation, and incontinence
(lack of self control) is most common type of sin
-
Dante must
first descend through Hell (recognition of Sin), then ascend through
Purgatory (Renunciation of Sin), then reach pinnacle of joy/God
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Extra
Notes
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-
Story starts
on Dawn of Good Friday in Dark Wood of Error
-
Divine
Comedy translated by John Ciardi
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Inferno-
Canto Three- The Vestibule of Hell &
The Opportunists
People
Dante Meets
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-
The
Opportunists (people who are wishy-washy, don't take sides, souls neither
for good nor evil but only for themselves)
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Charon-
boatman who ferries damned souls across Acheron, the first of the rivers
of Hell
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Punishment
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-
Opportunists
must chase a banner through the dark while being pursued by wasps and
hornets; the pus and blood that drips down from their wounds are eaten by
the worms and maggots on the floor
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Extra
Notes
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-
On the Gates
of Hell- "I am the way into the city of woe. / I am the way to a
forsaken people./ I am the way into eternal sorrow./ Sacred Justice moved
my architect. / I was raised here by divine omnipotence,/ Primordial love
and ultimate intellect. / Only those elements time cannot wear / Were made
before me, and beyond time I stand./ ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER
HERE."
-
Dante swoons
at the end of this Canto because he is overwhelmed by the despair of Hell
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The souls in
Hell want to be there; it is their deliberate choice because they
deliberately hardened their hearts to God (Christ's grace is sufficient to
save all who wish for it)
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Inferno-
Canto Five- Circle Two- The Carnal
People
Dante Meets
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-
Minos-
decides which circle of Hell souls do to by wrapping his tail around the
people (however many times his tail goes around the person is which circle
the soul must descend to)
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Paolo and
Francesca- they had an affair while Francesca was married to Paolo's
brother, Giovanni of Rimini, and when he discovered them together, he
killed both of them
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Punishment
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The Carnal
(those who betrayed reasons for their appetites/lustful people) are swept
in a tornado through all of eternity as they were swept from place to
place by their emotions
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Extra
Notes
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-
Dido, who is
in this level, should be in the lower level of Hell where people who
committed suicides are, but it appears that Dante has soft spot for love
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Tristan,
Paris, Cleopatra, Helen, Achilles, Sichaeus are all in this circle
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Dante swoons
at the end of this Canto because of anguish
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Inferno-
Canto Ten- Circle Six- The Heretics
People
Dante Meets
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-
Farinata
degli Uberti- drove Guelphs from Florence and was alone in rising in open
council against razing Florence; was declared a heretic
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Cavalcante
dei Cavalcanti- another Epicurean; misinterpreted Dante's silence to means
that his son, Guido Cavalcanti, was dead (he was not dead)
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Punishment
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the Heretics
(mostly epicureans) are in a burning coffin because they believed in only
temporal happiness and no eternal life, so when they died, their souls
were buried, too
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Extra
Notes
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-
mainly
epicureans in this circle of Hell
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souls of
Hell know not of the present or the past, only the future, so when
judgment day rolls around and there is no future for mankind on earth, the
souls of Hell will know nothing and be in complete ignorance
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Inferno-
Canto Thirty-Three- Circle Nine: Cocytus,
Compound Fraud Round Two- Antenora Treacherous to Country; Round Three- Ptolomea
Treacherous to Guests
People
Dante Meets
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Count
Ugolino- knaws on Archbishop Ruggieri's head, was betrayed by Ruggieri and
sealed to starve with his four 'sons' who dropped dead in front of him
from starvation (in Antenora for treason to country)
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Archbishop
Ruggieri- also Antenora for treason, betrayed Count Ugolino and left him
to starve with his sons; has his head gnawed on in Hell (killer by
starvation becomes the food)
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Friar
Alberigo (in Ptolomea)- invited brother to banquet and murdered him
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Punishment
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Count
Ugolino knaws on Archbishop Ruggieri's head; they both plotted against the
government, but Ruggieri betrayed Ugolino and starved him and his sons to
death; in death, he becomes the food for those he starved to death
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Souls in
Ptolomea cannot express their grief by crying (it freezes in their eyes),
and while their body is still alive on earth, their treachery has caused a
demon to inhabit it and go about its day to day business while their soul
is in Hell
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Extra
Notes
|
-
circle nine
arranged into four rounds- treachery to kin, country,
guests/hosts/friends, masters/benefactors
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Inferno-
Canto Thirty-Four- Circle Nine: Cocytus,
Compound Fraud Round Four- Judecca Treacherous to Masters
People
Dante Meets
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-
Satan- has
three heads (each chewing a traitor- Cassius, Brutus, Judas- and six wings
flapping helplessly trying to get out of the frozen lake that he is stuck
in, only the winds that he creates with his flapping wings trap him
further in the lake
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Punishment
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-
the souls in
Judecca are trapped in a frozen lake
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Extra
Notes
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-
Judas is
being chewed by Satan with his head inside Satan's mouth (and suffers
most) while Brutus and Cassius have their heads outside of Satan's mouth
-
After Vergil
and Dante pass from the southern hemisphere to the northern hemisphere,
their gravity is reoriented
-
Lethe- river
of forgetfulness from which soul drank before being born, flows down from
top of Purgatory to Hell
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All three
sections of Comedy ends with the
word 'stars'
-
Treachery at
bottom of Hell because loyalty is basis of Medieval society
and Dante realizes this; without loyalty, fabric of society comes
apart
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Purgatory-
Canto One- Ante-Purgatory: the shore of
the Island
People
Dante Meets
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-
Cato the
Younger- he was in limbo, but then became guardian of shores of Purgatory
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Symbols
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-
Dante and
Vergil are forced to climb back down mount Purgatory (symbolic of starting
from the beginning without skipping any steps) to wash the mist of Hell
from Dante's eyes before going to Purgatory (symbolic of Baptism) and tie
a reed (symbolic of humility) around Dante's waist
|
Extra
Notes
|
-
at the
beginning of this canto, Dante invokes Calliope, Muse of epic poetry
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at end of
Canto, miracle happens; reed the Vergil plucks to tie around Dante's waist
grows back to what it was before in seconds
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Garden of
Eden at top of Mount Purgatory
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Purgatory-
Canto Nine- The Gate of Purgatory
People
Dante Meets
|
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Angel at
Gate of Purgatory
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Lucia (who
bore him to the gate of Purgatory)
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Symbols
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Angel at
gate of Purgatory symbolic of person to which people confess
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Steps to
gate of Purgaotyr symbolic of confession-
1.
white
stair-
symbolizes self-examination and candidness because it reflects
2.
black/bruised-colored
stair- symbolizes mourning over sins, admitting sins to
ordained priest, admitting guilt
3.
red step-
symbolizes gratitude at being forgiven and burning passion for God,
repentance
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Angel has
two keys that open gates of Purgatory- silver that goes into the lock
first (represents actually doing the confession) and gold key (symbolizes
that person actually has authority to forgive sins)
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Extra
Notes
|
-
Dante has
dream that a golden eagle bore him to Sphere of Fire (symbolic of God?)
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As the gates
of Purgatory opens, Dante hears thunder and singing
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Paradise-
Canto XI- The Fourth Sphere: The Sun
People
Dante Meets
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Thomas
Aquinas (Dominican)
|
Symbols
|
-
'two
princes' of the church- Assisi and St. Dominic
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Assisi
'married' poverty
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Church
'married' Assisi/Dominic after Jesus died
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Moses/Abraham's
covenant with God also described as marriage
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Extra
Notes
|
-
praises St.
Francis and speaks of the Degeneracy of Dominicans
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Paradise-
Canto Thirty-Three- The Empyrean
People
Dante Meets
|
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God
('unmoved mover')
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Symbols
|
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Three
circles with same circumference represents father, son 'rainbow from
rainbow', son from father), and Holy spirit
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Extra
Notes
|
-
Central idea
of Comedy- "Now comes this
man who from the final pit / of the universe up to this height has seen, /
one by one, the three lives of the spirit" (Dante 33.24-24).
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